Toilet Design Guide: Essential Dimensions and Best Practices

Irrespective of building type, the Toilet is quickly becoming more of a design feature. It’s an area that everyone has to use and as such, it should form an integral aspect of building design. Toilets can unite different areas of a building during the design process. Stand-out features, such as individual hand basins in cubicles, bring the wow factor to toilets while creating a comfortable environment for users. 

What you will be learning in this blog:

1. Dimensions of W.C

2. Dimensions of Washbasins

3. Dimensions of Bathtubs

4. Dimensions of Urinals

5. Do’s & Don’t’s of Residential & Public Spaces

The components of a toilet:

1. Dimensions of W.C

The Water Closet (W.C.), or toilet, is a critical component of any restroom. Standard toilet dimensions are typically between 700-760mm deep, roughly 500mm wide, and 27-32 inches (686-813mm) high. These dimensions provide a comfortable space for users while ensuring the toilet fits well within the bathroom layout.

Illustration credits: Sonali K, Dimensions.guide

2. Dimensions of Washbasin

Washbasins come in various shapes and sizes to suit different needs and spaces. The standard size of a washbasin is usually 500-760mm in length, 480-600mm in width, and about 177.8mm in depth. When selecting a washbasin, consider the height of the countertop or pedestal, which typically ranges from 800 to 850mm from the floor. Ensuring the right height can enhance user comfort and accessibility.

Illustration credits: Sonali K, Dimensions.guide

3. Dimensions of Bathtubs

Bathtubs are often a focal point in bathrooms, providing both functionality and relaxation. The average bathtub dimensions are 1520mm long, 760mm wide, and 355-400mm high. It's important to maintain a clear width of 760mm alongside the entire length of the bathtub for ease of access and cleaning. Additionally, consider the placement of the bathtub in relation to other bathroom fixtures to optimize space and usability.

Illustration credits: Sonali K, Dimensions.guide

4. Dimensions of Urinals

Urinals are commonly used in men's restrooms, particularly in public and commercial spaces. They are more space-efficient and sanitary than toilet stalls in busy environments. An accessible urinal should have a 760mm x 1220mm clear floor or ground space positioned for a forward approach. The standard height for urinal placement is 610mm from the floor to the lip of the urinal for general use, and 480mm for children's or accessible urinals.

Illustration credits: Sonali K, Dimensions.guide

Types of Toilets:

1. Residential toilets- 

In residential settings, toilet heights typically range from 368.3mm from the finished floor level. Homeowners can choose from various styles, including wall-mounted or floor-mounted toilets, depending on their preference and bathroom layout. Residential toilets often feature more personalized and aesthetic designs compared to their commercial counterparts.

Illustration credits: Sonali K, Dimensions.guide

2. Commercial/ Public toilets -

In commercial and public restrooms, functionality and durability are paramount. Plumbing, water supply, and sewer connections are usually connected to a vertical wall for easy maintenance. All door openings should swing outward to maximize inner space. Public restrooms should also include accessible stalls with compliant dimensions to accommodate users with disabilities.

Source: Sonali K & Dimensions.guide

Dos and Don'ts of Residential and Public Space Toilets

Designing toilet spaces involves different considerations for residential and public environments. Here are some dos and don'ts to keep in mind:

Residential Spaces

Dos:

• Ensure privacy by using soundproof materials and proper door fittings.

• Use high-quality, easy-to-clean materials for all surfaces.

• Provide adequate ventilation to prevent moisture buildup and odors.

• Consider accessibility features such as grab bars and non-slip flooring.

Don'ts:

• Overcrowd the space with too many fixtures or decorations.

• Ignore the importance of proper lighting, both natural and artificial.

• Neglect the need for storage solutions for toiletries and cleaning supplies.

Public Spaces

Dos:

• Design for high traffic with durable, vandal-resistant materials.

• Ensure easy maintenance and cleaning with smooth, non-porous surfaces.

• Provide adequate lighting and signage for user guidance.

• Install touchless fixtures to enhance hygiene.

Don'ts:

• Compromise on accessibility standards required by local regulations.

• Overlook the importance of efficient waste disposal systems.

• Forget to include baby changing stations and family restrooms where applicable.

Conclusion

Proper toilet design is crucial for creating functional, comfortable, and aesthetically pleasing restrooms in any building type. By considering the dimensions and placement of each component, and adhering to design best practices for residential and public spaces, you can ensure that your toilet areas meet the needs of all users. Whether you're designing a luxurious residential bathroom or a high-traffic public restroom, thoughtful planning and attention to detail will result in spaces that are both practical and inviting.

These were a few of the important points to remember while designing Toilets in buildings. Stay tuned for more such informative guides on other important topics in the AEC industry and to check out more of these follow Kaarwan.